Which Indian cities show the strongest election dispute reporting signal?
A comparison of 45 Indian cities covered by Prism Geo.
34 pass the evidence gates and are ranked by exact
election_dispute-tagged news reports per 10,000 civic reports.
This measures the prominence of a topic in coverage—not real-world incidence, prevalence, or safety.
Geographic view · 34 city-linked districts
Where the election dispute reporting signal is concentrated
Every highlighted polygon is the 2021 administrative district containing a ranked city's coordinate. Color shows the city's reporting-signal rank band—not a measured district-wide rate, prevalence, or severity assessment.
Boundary geometry: geoBoundaries, ADM2, 2021 representation, Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0. Districts are visual locators for city-ranked data and may not reflect later administrative changes.
How to read this ranking
Kolkata leads the normalized comparison at 23.34
tagged reports per 10,000 civic reports. New Delhi leads raw volume
with 516 reports. The two leaders can differ because normalization
controls for each city's overall civic-news footprint.
Cities evaluated
45
existing India profiles
Cities ranked
34
passed both evidence gates
Normalized leader
Kolkata
23.34 per 10K
Raw-volume leader
New Delhi
516 tagged reports
Largest recent rise
Chandigarh
+39.50 per-10K points
National comparison
+5.22
recent per-10K change
Computed findings
What stands out
Normalization changes the picture: Kolkata ranks first by coverage share,
while New Delhi ranks first by article volume.
Coverage is concentrated: New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata account for 59.4% of all
qualifying tagged reports in this table.
The aggregate signal moved from 9.49 per 10,000 reports in 2021–2023
to 14.71 in 2024–2025 across the 45-city universe.
Chandigarh has the largest recent rise among cities with at least ten
tagged reports: +39.50 per-10K points.
Complete ranking
Primary and companion measures
Election Dispute reporting signal by city
The primary rank uses tagged reports per 10,000 civic reports. Raw rank,
recent change, and active years show whether a result depends on city size, timing, or a narrow burst.
73 tagged reports appeared within
31,282 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
23.34 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 36.09 in 2021–2023 versus 10.33
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2021.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 3 reports (4.1%) and conclusion language in 3 (4.1%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
59 tagged reports appeared within
26,153 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
22.56 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 10.99 in 2021–2023 versus 37.09
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2025.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 2 reports (3.4%) and conclusion language in 2 (3.4%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
49 tagged reports appeared within
22,311 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
21.96 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 9.25 in 2021–2023 versus 48.75
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 6 reports (12.2%) and conclusion language in 6 (12.2%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
68 tagged reports appeared within
35,340 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
19.24 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 23.91 in 2021–2023 versus 12.13
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2022.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 5 reports (7.4%) and conclusion language in 5 (7.4%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
516 tagged reports appeared within
297,207 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
17.36 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 13.17 in 2021–2023 versus 23.87
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 26 reports (5.0%) and conclusion language in 26 (5.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
24 tagged reports appeared within
13,958 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
17.19 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 23.28 in 2021–2023 versus 7.45
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2022.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
22 tagged reports appeared within
16,200 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
13.58 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 9.72 in 2021–2023 versus 20.30
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2025.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 1 reports (4.5%) and conclusion language in 1 (4.5%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
14 tagged reports appeared within
10,447 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
13.40 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 1.47 in 2021–2023 versus 35.59
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
5 tagged reports appeared within
4,339 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
11.52 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 14.85 in 2021–2023 versus 6.08
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2022.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
19 tagged reports appeared within
16,621 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
11.43 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 14.32 in 2021–2023 versus 6.51
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2021.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
16 tagged reports appeared within
14,806 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
10.81 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 9.34 in 2021–2023 versus 13.53
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 1 reports (6.2%) and conclusion language in 1 (6.2%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
4 tagged reports appeared within
4,191 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
9.54 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 3.56 in 2021–2023 versus 21.74
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
7 tagged reports appeared within
7,439 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
9.41 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 4.14 in 2021–2023 versus 19.18
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2025.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
8 tagged reports appeared within
9,750 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
8.21 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 5.69 in 2021–2023 versus 11.17
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2025.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 1 reports (12.5%) and conclusion language in 1 (12.5%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
3 tagged reports appeared within
3,657 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
8.20 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 12.48 in 2021–2023 versus 4.87
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2023.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
3 tagged reports appeared within
3,699 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
8.11 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 4.66 in 2021–2023 versus 12.89
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
13 tagged reports appeared within
16,169 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
8.04 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a broadly stable share of local civic coverage: 8.46 in 2021–2023 versus 7.60
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2021.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 2 reports (15.4%) and conclusion language in 2 (15.4%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
7 tagged reports appeared within
8,910 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
7.86 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 9.12 in 2021–2023 versus 5.83
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2021.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
86 tagged reports appeared within
119,517 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
7.20 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 5.05 in 2021–2023 versus 10.83
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 3 reports (3.5%) and conclusion language in 3 (3.5%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
20 tagged reports appeared within
27,784 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
7.20 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a broadly stable share of local civic coverage: 7.22 in 2021–2023 versus 7.17
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2021.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 4 reports (20.0%) and conclusion language in 4 (20.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
41 tagged reports appeared within
58,199 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
7.04 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a broadly stable share of local civic coverage: 6.74 in 2021–2023 versus 7.37
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2023.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 3 reports (7.3%) and conclusion language in 3 (7.3%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
6 tagged reports appeared within
9,077 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
6.61 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 3.20 in 2021–2023 versus 14.17
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 2 reports (33.3%) and conclusion language in 2 (33.3%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
3 tagged reports appeared within
4,674 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
6.42 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 9.15 in 2021–2023 versus 4.02
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2021.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 2 reports (66.7%) and conclusion language in 2 (66.7%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
7 tagged reports appeared within
11,332 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
6.18 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 4.31 in 2021–2023 versus 9.17
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
21 tagged reports appeared within
36,239 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
5.79 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 1.93 in 2021–2023 versus 10.97
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
7 tagged reports appeared within
14,562 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
4.81 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 2.30 in 2021–2023 versus 8.52
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
6 tagged reports appeared within
12,851 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
4.67 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 1.01 in 2021–2023 versus 16.73
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 2 reports (33.3%) and conclusion language in 2 (33.3%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
3 tagged reports appeared within
6,520 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
4.60 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 7.67 in 2021–2023 versus 0.00
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2022.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
7 tagged reports appeared within
17,398 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
4.02 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 1.03 in 2021–2023 versus 7.78
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2024.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
4 tagged reports appeared within
10,412 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
3.84 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 4.80 in 2021–2023 versus 2.41
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2023.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 1 reports (25.0%) and conclusion language in 1 (25.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
3 tagged reports appeared within
8,318 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
3.61 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 4.63 in 2021–2023 versus 2.50
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2022.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
6 tagged reports appeared within
17,010 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
3.53 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 2.02 in 2021–2023 versus 5.63
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2025.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 1 reports (16.7%) and conclusion language in 1 (16.7%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
4 tagged reports appeared within
23,841 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
1.68 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a rising share of local civic coverage: 0.72 in 2021–2023 versus 3.04
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2025.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
3 tagged reports appeared within
20,361 civic reports in 2021–2025, equal to
1.47 per 10,000. The recent-period comparison shows
a falling share of local civic coverage: 2.50 in 2021–2023 versus 0.00
in 2024–2025. The city's peak normalized year was 2023.
The classifier marked authority or institutional action in 0 reports (0.0%) and conclusion language in 0 (0.0%). These are article-level signals: repeated coverage can
refer to the same underlying event, and the markers do not prove official resolution.
Annual values use all covered cities, including cities that do not pass the page-level ranking gate.
Transparent limits
How Prism Geo built this ranking
Universe: 45 Indian cities with an existing Prism Geo city manifest; conservative legacy names such as Bangalore/Bengaluru are merged.
Window: complete calendar years 2021–2025. Partial 2026 data is excluded.
Signal: the exact source tag election_dispute; topic variants are not silently combined.
Score: tagged reports ÷ all civic reports × 10,000; raw volume is shown alongside it.
Coverage, action, and conclusion figures are classifier outputs. Multiple reports can concern one event, and absence of coverage is not absence of a problem.
Source: marketai.civic_geo_agg. This dataset supports comparison of reporting patterns only; it cannot establish actual case counts, risk, prevalence, or official performance.
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